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A short block includes the cylinder block, camshaft, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rod and bearings. If you purchase a short block, these items will be delivered as assembled. However, other vital parts such as cylinder head, water pump, oil pump, gaskets, valves etc. have to be purchased additionally. It is called short block because it contains a shorter list of engine parts than a complete engine.
A picture is worth a thousand words, so please see below a short block image of a four-cylinder engine:
A short block engine is cheaper than a complete replacement engine, but it might need additional parts which are already included in a complete engine. Although a short block requires additional parts and installation, it is a good option if you don’t need the complete components but the cylinder block and other critical parts such as pistons and crankshaft. Consequently, you won’t end up replacing unnecessary components of the engine.
Especially for Yanmar engines, there are many types of short blocks. For example, if you have a Yanmar engine with model “4TNV98-ZNMS”, it is not sufficient to find a short block for 4TNV98 engines. Because a short block that fits to another 4TNV98 engine (say “4TNV98-SDF”) will not fit “4TNV98-ZNMS”. Therefore, you should always indicate the complete model of your engine in order to purchase the right short block.
